The English Toy Spaniel first appeared in England during the reign of King Charles II in the 17th century. The breed was developed in honor of this sovereign that the black and tan variety took its name. The Toy Spaniel had been known in England and Scotland for over 100 years before.

All Toy Spaniels up to the time of King Charles II appear to have been of the black-and-tan variety, which was later called King Charles. The development of the other varieties, the Prince Charles and the Ruby occurred at a later time. The Prince Charles is white, black and tan, and the Ruby is white and chestnut red. All are identical in characteristics, other than color. Their coat is not known for excessive shedding, but should be brushed several times a week.

Selective breeding has reduced their size down to eight to fourteen pounds. They are profusely coated, heavy fringe on the ears, body, and on the chest. They are compact dogs, cobby and essentially square. They have short noses, domed head, happy and affectionate demeanor, with a silky flowing coat.

In The United States, the English Toy Spaniel has appeared in records since the club was founded. Before 1903, all colors were classified as separate breeds for shows, but where permitted to intermix for breeding. In 1904 they were combined into one breed, and shown in two color varities-King Charles and Ruby, and Prince Charles and Blenheim.

Both parents should have yearly CERF certificates (eyes) and be screened for luxating patella and heart disease (PDA and MVD).

English Toy Spaniels are sensitive to anesthetics, vaccines, and chemicals and should never be casually medicated or sedated. With their short face, they are susceptible to respiratory difficulties and heatstroke in hot, humid, and/or stuffy conditions.